Carotid Intima-media Thickness Research Articles

Concomitant amyloidosis is the primary cause of endothelial and coronary microvascular dysfunction in carpal tunnel syndrome

Study objectivesPatients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) show manifestations of arterial abnormalities, including carotid intimal thickening and increased vascular stiffness. As carpal tunnel syndrome is associated with amyloidosis, we hypothesized that previously observed abnormalities can largely be related with concomitant amyloidosis rather than CTS itself. DesignProspective observational study. SettingMedeniyet University Goztepe Hospital Participants61 patients with CTS (of whom 32 had biopsy-proven amyloidosis) and 36 healthy controls. InterventionsSubjects underwent ultrasound examinations for the measurement of coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR), flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) and carotid intimal-media thickness (CIMT). Main outcome measuresComparison of CFVR, FMD and CIMT in CTS patients with or without amyloidosis. ResultsPatients with either CTS or CTS with concomitant amyloidosis (CTS-A) had significantly lower FMD (9.7 % ± 4.0 % in CTS and 10.3 % ± 4.6 % in CTS-A groups, p < 0.05 for both) and CFVR (2.4 (2.1–2.8) in CTS and 1.8 (1.6–2.1) in CTS-A groups, p < 0.001 for both) as compared to controls, while CIMT was only increased in CTS-A group (0.70 (0.60–0.80), p < 0.001). The reduction in CFVR was solely related to an increased basal flow velocity in CTS patients while there was also a reduced hyperemic flow velocity in patients with CTS-A. ConclusionMost arterial phenomena in CTS patients could be attributable to concomitant amyloidosis, although endothelial dysfunction was present even in patients with CTS without amyloidosis.

Relationship between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Disease Activity and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), insulin resistance (IR) is related to inflammatory markers, disease activity, and progression of atherosclerotic changes. Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a relatively new indicator of IR. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between TyG index, disease activity and subclinical atherosclerosis (SCA) in RA patients. The present case-control study included 100 RA patients and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants were subjected to careful history taking through clinical examination and standard laboratory assessment. The TyG index was calculated as TyG index = ln (Fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL))/2. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) measurement was done using B-mode ultrasound. Patients had significantly higher TyG index as compared to controls. Patients with high disease activity had significantly higher frequency of extraarticular manifestations (39.6% versus 51.6%, p = 0.028), higher Larsen score (3.8 ± 1.3 versus 2.8 ± 1.2, p < 0.001), higher anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) levels (median (IQR): 243.1 (205.0-408.0) U/ml versus 99.0 (78.0-332.5), p < 0.001), higher TyG index (4.8 ± 0.22 versus 4.67 ± 0.24, p = 0.006), and higher CIMT (0.87 ± 0.22 versus 0.77 ± 0.17 mm, p = 0.018). Patients with SCA had higher BMI (34.6 ± 6.2 versus 30.5 ± 5.3 Kg/m2, p < 0.001), higher Larsen score (3.7 ± 1.4 versus 3.1 ± 1.3, p = 0.028) and higher TyG index (4.89 ± 0.23 versus 4.64 ± 0.19, p < 0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis identified patients' age (OR (95% CI): 0.94 (0.89-0.99), p = 0.018), Larsen score (OR (95% CI): 1.93 (1.32-2.82), p = <0.001), anti-CCP (OR (95%): 1.04 (1.02-1.07), p = 0.032), and TyG index (OR (95% CI): 22.67 (2.14-240.4), p = 0.01) as significant predictors of high disease activity in multivariate analysis. IR estimated by the TyG index is related to disease activity and SCA in RA patients.

Phenotypic and genetic effect of carotid intima-media thickness on the risk of stroke.

While carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) as a noninvasive surrogate measure of atherosclerosis is widely considered a risk factor for stroke, the intrinsic link underlying cIMT and stroke has not been fully understood. We aimed to evaluate the clinical value of cIMT in stroke through the investigation of phenotypic and genetic relationships between cIMT and stroke. We evaluated phenotypic associations using observational data from UK Biobank (N = 21,526). We then investigated genetic relationships leveraging genomic data conducted in predominantly European ancestry for cIMT (N = 45,185) and any stroke (AS, Ncase/Ncontrol=40,585/406,111). Observational analyses suggested an increased hazard of stroke per one standard deviation increase in cIMT (cIMTmax-AS: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.09-1.79; cIMTmean-AS: HR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.09-1.78; cIMTmin-AS: HR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.04-1.68). A positive global genetic correlation was observed (cIMTmax-AS: [Formula: see text]=0.23, P=9.44 × 10-5; cIMTmean-AS: [Formula: see text]=0.21, P=3.00 × 10-4; cIMTmin-AS: [Formula: see text]=0.16, P=6.30 × 10-3). This was further substantiated by five shared independent loci and 15 shared expression-trait associations. Mendelian randomization analyses suggested no causal effect of cIMT on stroke (cIMTmax-AS: odds ratio (OR)=1.12, 95%CI=0.97-1.28; cIMTmean-AS: OR=1.09, 95%CI=0.93-1.26; cIMTmin-AS: OR=1.03, 95%CI = 0.90-1.17). A putative association was observed for genetically predicted stroke on cIMT (AS-cIMTmax: beta=0.07, 95%CI = 0.01-0.13; AS-cIMTmean: beta=0.08, 95%CI = 0.01-0.15; AS-cIMTmin: beta = 0.08, 95%CI = 0.01-0.16) in the reverse direction MR, which attenuated to non-significant in sensitivity analysis. Our work does not find evidence supporting causal associations between cIMT and stroke. The pronounced cIMT-stroke association is intrinsic, and mostly attributed to shared genetic components. The clinical value of cIMT as a surrogate marker for stroke risk in the general population is likely limited.

Prediction of the left ventricular mass index in hypertensive patients using the product of red cell distribution width and mean corpuscular volume.

The product of red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) has been identified as an indicator of target organ damage in cases of hypertension. However, the role of the RDW-MCV product in assessing carotid alteration, renal damage, and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension has not been elucidated. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1115 participants with hypertension were included. The RDW and MCV at admission were measured using an automated hematology analyzer. Organ damage was determined by the left ventricular mass index (LVMI), carotid intima-media thickness, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. The prevalence rates of carotid alteration and left ventricular hypertrophy were 57.0% and 18.0%, respectively. A higher RDW-MCV product and RDW were observed in hypertensive patients who developed carotid alteration. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the correlations of the RDW-MCV product (P = .285) and RDW (P = .346) with carotid alteration were not significant. Moreover, the analysis of variance showed no significant correlation between RDW and LVMI (P = .186). However, the RDW-MCV product was higher in individuals with a high LVMI compared to those with a normal LVMI. Multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that the RDW-MCV product was independently associated with the LVMI (β = 2.519, 95% CI: 0.921-4.116; P = .002), but not the estimated glomerular filtration rate (β = -0.260, 95% CI: -2.031-1.511; P = .773). An elevated RDW-MCV product may be a predictor for left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension.

Association between atherosclerosis and height loss among older individuals

Atherosclerosis and height loss are each reportedly associated with cardiovascular disease. However, no studies have found an association between atherosclerosis and height loss. A retrospective study of 2435 individuals aged 60–89 years who underwent annual health check-ups was conducted. Atherosclerosis was defined as carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) ≥ 1.1 mm. Height loss was defined as being in the highest quintile of height decrease per year, as in our previous studies. Among study participants, 555 were diagnosed as having atherosclerosis. Independent of known cardiovascular risk factors, atherosclerosis was positively associated with height loss. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.46 (95% confidence interval, 1.15, 1.83). Essentially the same associations were observed for men and women. The adjusted OR (95% CI) was 1.43 (1.01, 2.04) for men and 1.46 (1.07, 1.99) for women. Among older individuals, atherosclerosis is associated with height loss. This result can help clarify the mechanism underlying the association between height loss and cardiovascular disease.

Correlation between non-marker inflammatory indices and carotid intima-media thickness in the middle-aged and elderly adults

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the correlations between carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and systemic immune inflammation index (SII), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR) ratio. Materials and methodsThis was a cross-sectional study enrolling a total of 582 middle-aged and elderly patients. The correlations between SII, PLR, and NLR with IMT were assessed using logistic regression models, which were subsequently incorporated into the underlying models with traditional risk factors and their predictive values for IMT. ResultsNLR exhibited a significant correlation with IMT in the simple regression analysis (β=0.01, 95%CI= 0.00-0.02, p<0.05). After controlling for potential confounding variables in the multivariate analysis, the association between NLR and both Maximum IMT [β=0.04, 95%CI=0.02-0.07, p=0.0006] and Mean IMT [β=0.05, 95%CI=0.02-0.07, p=0.0001] remained statistically significant. Additionally, PLR was found to be a significant independent predictor of Maximum IMT [β=0.04, 95% CI =0.00-0.07, p=0.0242] and Mean IMT [β=0.04, 95% CI=0.01-0.07, p=0.0061]. Similarly, SII was identified as an independent predictor of Maximum IMT [β=1.87, 95% CI =1.24, p=0.0003]. The study found a significant positive correlation between Maximum IMT and the levels NLR, PLR, and SII. Specifically, in the Maximum IMT group, higher quartiles of NLR, PLR, and SII were associated with increased odds ratios (OR) for elevated IMT levels, with statistically significant results for NLR (Q4vsQ1: OR 3.87, 95% CI 1.81-8.29), PLR (Q4vsQ1: OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.36-5.95), and SII (Q4vsQ1: OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.30-5.37). Finally, the inclusion of NLR, PLR, and NLR+PLR+SII in the initial model with traditional risk factors resulted in a marginal improvement in the predictive ability for Maximum IMT, as evidenced by the net reclassification index (p<0.05). ConclusionsThis study discovered a positive correlation between SII, PLR, NLR, and IMT, which are likely to emerge as new predictors for IMT thickening. These findings lay a theoretical reference for future predictive research and pathophysiological research on carotid intima-media thickening.

Diagnostic and prognostic role of serum interleukin-6 and carotid ultrasonography to detect subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with RA and ANCA-associated vasculitis.

ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) can affect multiple organs with severe life-threatening manifestations. Disease monitoring is difficult due to a lack of defined biomarkers. We aimed to assess the diagnostic role of serum interleukin-6 and vascular ultrasonography in AAV and subclinical atherosclerosis. The study included 20 AAV patients and two control groups of 34 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 35 healthy controls. The levels of Il-6, carotid intima-media thickness test (CIMT), atherosclerotic plaque, and degree of stenosis were investigated. A GRACE-risk score was calculated for AAV and RA patients. The AAV patients had elevated levels of IL-6 (115 ± 23.96) compared to the RA patients (91.25 ± 42.63) and the healthy controls (15.65 ± 3.30), p < 0.001. IL-6 showed a diagnostic accuracy of 73% in distinguishing AAV from RA patients (AUC = 0.730; 95% CI 0.591 to 0834). In the AAV group, CIMT was 1.09, above the upper reference value of 0.90, p < 0.001. The AAV patients had a higher median GRACE risk score, and 60% of them had a high risk of cardiovascular events as compared to 35% of the RA patients. Sonography of extracranial vessels and serum levels of IL-6 can be used in daily clinical practice to diagnose and monitor patients with AAV.

Associations between Multiple Health Indicators and Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in A Healthy and Active Elderly Population

The purpose of this study was to examine correlations between health indicators (age, BMI, blood pressure (BP), functional strength (FS), handgrip strength, and predicted VO2 max) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in an active 50 years+ population. Study participants’ mean cIMT was also compared to the cIMT mean of the general population. Health screenings were conducted on 1818 participants at the Huntsman World Senior Games from 2016 to 2019. Pearson’s correlations, Spearman’s correlations, and ANOVA were performed using SPSS. Weak but significant correlations were evident between cIMT and age (r = 0.283, p &lt; 0.001), systolic BP (r = 0.253, p = 0.001), diastolic BP (r = 0.074, p = 0.016), weight (r = 0.170, p &lt; 0.001), height (r = 0.153, p &lt; 0.001), handgrip L (r = 0.132, p &lt; 0.001), handgrip R (r = 0.074, p &lt; 0.029), and BMI (r = 0.07, p = 0.029); non-significant correlations were evident with predicted VO2 max (r = −0.035, p = 0.382), and FS (r = −0.025, p = 0.597). When controlling for age, systolic BP, and sex, only handgrip L (r = 0.225, p = 0.014) was significantly correlated with cIMT. Mean cIMT for this cohort was lower across all sexes and age-matched groups (cIMT = 0.6967 mm (±0.129)). Physical activity is linked to reduced cIMT. Most health-related indicators in this study were significantly but weakly correlated with cIMT. Additional research is needed before common indicators can be used as a surrogate for cIMT and CVD risk. Results from this study can provide clinicians with additional information to reduce CVD risk through modifiable risk factors. Classic CVD risk factors such as systolic BP and BMI should be considered in patients regardless of lifestyle.

Exercise-induced Hypertension and Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Male Marathon Runners.

This study aimed to identify the relationship between exercise-induced hypertension and carotid artery intima-media thickness in long-distance runners. Sixty healthy male runners aged 40 to 60 years were assigned to the following three groups based on resting blood pressure and maximal systolic blood pressure during a maximal exercise test: normal blood pressure response, exercise-induced hypertension, and complex hypertension. An exaggerated systolic blood pressure response was defined as a maximal systolic blood pressure+≥+210 mmHg during the maximal exercise test, while carotid intima-media thickness was measured using B-mode ultrasonography. The carotid intima-media thickness mean values were the highest in the complex hypertension group (0.72±0.11 mm), followed by exercise-induced hypertension (0.62±0.12 mm) and normal blood pressure groups (0.55±0.13 mm), with a significant difference between the groups (p+<+0.002). In linear regression analysis, the mean intima-media thickness was independently associated with age (p=0.015) and maximal systolic blood pressure (p=0.046) but not with resting systolic blood pressure. These results suggest that exercise-induced hypertension is associated with carotid intima-media thickness, a surrogate marker of cardiovascular disease, in long-distance runners. Therefore, evaluating the blood pressure response during exercise is important for the early detection of potential cardiovascular disease risks in long-distance runners.

Clinical application value of Ultrafast Pulse Wave Velocity in early cardiovascular injury of Immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

To investigate the application and the related influencing factors of ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV) in theevaluation of carotid artery elasticity in patients with Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). A totalof 156 IgAN patients and 50 healthy individuals were selected as the control group. The ufPWV technique was employed tomeasure carotid arterial elasticity parameters, including carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity at thebeginning of systole (BS-PWV) and pulse wave velocity at the end of systole (ES-PWV). Across the three groups(control group, IgAN patients with normal renal function, and IgAN patients with renal dysfunction) there was an increasingtrend observed in cIMT, BS-PWV, and ES-PWV. Additionally, ES-PWV exhibited higher sensitivity than BS-PWV. Correlationanalysis revealed that BS-PWV and ES-PWV were positively correlated with age, body mass index (BMI), systolic bloodpressure (SBP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and uric acid (UA)and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The ufPWV technique allows for therapid and direct measurement of arterial elasticity parameters in the neck and represents a novel approach for the early diagnosisand quantitative assessment of arterial stiffness risk in IgAN patients.

THE ROLE OF INTIMA-MEDIA-THICKNESS, ANKLE BRACHIAL-INDEX, AND INFLAMMATORY BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS FOR STROKE RISK PREDICTION: AN UPDATE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of global mortality and morbidity. The capacity to precisely estimate a person's risk of having a stroke is critical for early intervention and prevention stretegies. Researchers are exploring novel predictors beyond traditional risk factors, such as Intima-Media Thickness (IMT), Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI), and inflammatory biochemical parameters, to accurately predict stroke risk. The aim: This study aims to determine the role of intima-media-thickness, ankle-brachial-index, and inflammatory biochemical parameters for stroke risk prediction. Methods: By comparing itself to the standards set by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. So, the experts were able to make sure that the study was as up-to-date as it was possible to be. For this search approach, publications that came out between 2014 and 2024 were taken into account. Several different online reference sources, like Pubmed, SAGEPUB, and ScienceDirect, were used to do this. It was decided not to take into account review pieces, works that had already been published, or works that were only half done. Results: In the PubMed database, the results of our search brought up 1,004 articles, whereas the results of our search on SAGEPUB brought up 651 articles, and our search on ScienceDirect brought up 4,254 articles. In the end, we compiled 12 papers, 8 of which came from PubMed, 1 of which came from SAGEPUB, and 3 of which came from ScienceDirect. We included twelve research that met the criteria. Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings of our study strongly support that Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) and Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) hold significant promise as predictors of stroke risk. This can be helpful to improve stroke prevention and management strategies. However, further research is warranted to clarify the role of inflammatory biochemical parameters in the context of stroke risk prediction.

The Relationship between Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness as a Potential Marker of Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis

Background and Objectives: Thyroid dysfunction is known to have significant consequences on the cardiovascular system. The correlation between carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has been frequently evaluated in clinical studies in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate the significance of this association through a meta-analysis. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, MedLine, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using the keywords ‘subclinical hypothyroidism and carotid intima-media thickness’, from the beginning of each database until January 2023. We established the inclusion and exclusion criteria and considered studies that met the inclusion criteria. We used Jamovi for statistical analysis of the data. Results: We identified 39 observational studies that met the inclusion criteria, with 3430 subjects: 1545 SCH and 1885 EU. Compared to euthyroid subjects (EU), subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) had significantly increased carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) values; the estimated average mean difference was 0.08 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.10), p &lt; 0.01, I2 = 93.82%. After the sensitivity analysis, a total of 19 from the 39 abovementioned studies were analyzed, with most studies showing a positive association between SCH and thickening of the carotid wall; the estimated average mean difference was 0.04 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.07), p = 0.03, I2 = 77.7. In addition, female sex, advanced age, and high cholesterol levels statistically significantly influenced this association. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis indicates a significant positive association between SCH and increased CIMT, but with some limitations.

Deciphering thyroid function and CIMT: a Mendelian randomization study of the U-shaped influence mediated by apolipoproteins.

Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) is a key marker for atherosclerosis, with its modulation being crucial for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment. While thyroid function's impact on cardiovascular health is recognized, the causal relationship and underlying mechanisms influencing CIMT remain to be elucidated. In this study, Mendelian Randomization (MR) was employed to assess the causal relationship between thyroid function and CIMT. Thyroid hormone data were sourced from the Thyroidomics Consortium, while lipid traits and CIMT measurements were obtained from the UK Biobank. The primary analysis method was a two-sample MR using multiplicative random effects inverse variance weighting (IVW-MRE). Additionally, the study explored the influence of thyroid hormones on lipid profiles and assessed their potential mediating role in the thyroid function-CIMT relationship through multivariate MR analysis. The study revealed that lower levels of Free Thyroxine (FT4) within the normal range are significantly associated with increased CIMT. This association was not observed with free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or TPOAb. Additionally, mediation analysis suggested that apolipoprotein A-I and B are involved in the relationship between thyroid function and CIMT. The findings indicate a potential U-shaped curve relationship between FT4 levels and CIMT, with thyroid hormone supplementation in hypothyroid patients showing benefits in reducing CIMT. This research establishes a causal link between thyroid function and CIMT using MR methods, underscoring the importance of monitoring thyroid function for early cardiovascular risk assessment. The results advocate for the consideration of thyroid hormone supplementation in hypothyroid patients as a strategy to mitigate the risk of carotid atherosclerosis. These insights pave the way for more targeted approaches in managing patients with thyroid dysfunction to prevent cardiovascular complications.

Impact on carotid intima-media thickness after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in patients with morbid obesity.

We aimed to investigate the impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) & left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) which are the independent predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis. To assess the change in CIMT & echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular function & correlate with %EWL 6months and 12months after LSG, the mean CIMT of bilateral common carotid arteries were measured at 3 different places & 7 parameters were assessed for left ventricular dysfunction after 6 and 12months of LSG & correlated with the %EWL. A total of 30 patients (27(90%) women & 3(10%) men) with the mean age of 38 ± 7.84 were prospectively enrolled. BMI was significantly reduced from 42.66 ± 3.79 to 37.93 ± 3.60kg/m2 at six months to 36 ± 3.34 at 12months after LSG. CIMT values were significantly decreased at 6months after surgery from 0.50 ± 0.11mm to 0.46 ± 0.09mm (p < 0.01) to 0.39 ± 0.07 (p < 0.05) at 12months. However, no significant change was observed in the right mean CCA values at 6months after surgery 0.50 ± 0.11mm vs 0.47 ± 0.09mm (p = 0.07) as compared to decrease at 12months after surgery to 0.40 ± 0.08 (p < 0.05). Left mean CCA values at 6months changed from 0.50 ± 0.11 to 0.45 ± 0.09 (p < 0.01) and at 12months after surgery to 0.39 ± 007(p < 0.05). On 2D ECHO, ejection fraction increased at 6months from 60.80 ± 5.89 to 61.93 ± 4.47 (p < 0.5) to after 12months at 64.30 ± 4.20 (p < 0.05). Wave deceleration time changed at 6months from 170 ± 36.80 to 150 ± 28.82 (p < 0.05) to 12months 139.07 ± 17.98 (p < 0.05). Peak early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e) changed at 6months from 8.12 ± 1.66 to 7.02 ± 1.76 (p < 0.05) to 12months 6.33 ± 0.76 (p < 0.05). Inter-ventricular septum thickness (IVSD) changed at 6months from 0.99 ± 0.14 to 0.91 ± 0.14 (p < 0.05) to 12months 0.82 ± 0.09 (p < 0.05). Intraventricular relaxation time (IVRT) at 6months changed from 94.33 ± 21.71 to 84.36 ± 14.85 (p < 0.03) to 12months after surgery 77.40 ± 10.19 (p < 0.05). Left atrial volume index (LAVI) at 6months decreased from 38.08 ± 11.23 to 30.93 ± 7.16 (p < 0.01) to 12months after surgery 25.43 ± 3.65 (p < 0.05). Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction [LVIDD] at 6months changed from 4.32 ± 0.52 to 4.11 ± 0.52 (p < 0.02) to 3.94 ± 0.26 (p < 0.05) to 3.94 ± 0.26 (p < 0.05) at 12months after surgery. PwD at 6 and 12months changed from 1.00 ± 0.19 to 0.87 ± 0.10 (p < 0.01) to 0.82 ± 0.08 (p < 0.05) respectively. LV mass changed in 6months from 148.37 ± 33.09 to 117 ± 29.90 (p < 0.001) to 12months at 110.64 ± 20.79 (p < 0.05) and left ventricular mass index [LVMI] changed in 6months from 70 ± 16.89 to 59.626 ± 15.35 (p < 0.001) reaching a value of 57.53 ± 11.18 (p < 0.05) at 12months. The mean 10-year risk of death due to CVD calculated was significantly reduced from 5.45 ± 6.6 to 2.8 ± 1.7% at 6months (p < 0.05). This significant decrease in CVD risk has a positive correlation with the decrease in CIMT over 6months showing a correlation coefficient of 0.018 with statistically significant analysis (p value < 0.05). We observed a significant reduction in CIMT & improvement in 2D ECHO parameters at 6 after LSG although no statistically significant change was observed in mean right CIMT & EF at 6months.

Abstract 6290: Effects of a circuit, interval-based exercise program on vascular function among cancer survivors

Abstract Background: Cancer survivors are at an increased risk of cardiovascular comorbidity, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure, due to negative impacts of cancer treatments on vascular function. Exercise is recommended in recent cardio-oncology rehabilitation guidelines and has been shown to improve vascular function in clinical populations; however, its effects on vascular function are understudied in clinical oncology settings. Purpose: This pilot study examined whether a circuit, interval-based exercise intervention can improve vascular function, assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (baFMD) and carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) in breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer survivors. Methods: Overweight or obese (BMI&amp;gt;25.0 kg/m2), sedentary breast, prostate or colorectal cancer survivors were randomized to exercise (n=60) or usual care (n=30). Survivors in the 4-month exercise intervention trained three times/week, in a circuit, interval-based supervised moderate-vigorous aerobic (65-85% of VO2max) and resistance (65-85% of 1-repetition maximum) program. cIMT and baFMD were measured at baseline and post-intervention via an ultrasound. Paired t-tests and repeated-measures analysis of variance were run to assess within- and between-group differences. Results: The study sample included breast (n=38), prostate (n=24), colorectal (n=28) cancer survivors who were 63.2 ± 10.8 years old, completed chemotherapy and/or radiation (75%) and were obese (87%). Post-intervention, baFMD significantly increased in the exercise group compared to the control group (between-group mean difference: 6.3%; 95% CI: [1.9 to 9.3], p=0.001). There was also a significant reduction in cIMT in the exercise group compared to the control group (between-group mean difference: -0.039mm, 95% CI: [-0.080 to -0.009], p=0.002). Conclusions: Our findings in this pilot study support that a circuit, interval-based aerobic and resistance exercise intervention may improve vascular function in breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer survivors. Future studies are recommended to understand how exercise interventions can be utilized clinically to improve cardiovascular disease risk and co-morbidity among cancer survivors. Citation Format: Cami N. Christopher, Dong-Woo Kang, Paola Gonzalo-Encabo, Rebekah L. Wilson, Amber J. Normann, Mary K. Norris, Christina M. Dieli-Conwright. Effects of a circuit, interval-based exercise program on vascular function among cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 6290.

Accelerometer-based sedentary time, light physical activity, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from childhood with arterial stiffness and carotid IMT progression: A 13-year longitudinal study of 1339 children.

We examined the longitudinal associations of sedentary time (ST), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) from childhood with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), a measure of arterial stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). We studied 1339 children, aged 11 years from Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, UK, followed up for 13 years. Accelerometer-based ST, LPA, and MVPA were assessed at ages 11, 15, and 24 years clinic visits. cfPWV and cIMT were measured with Vicorder and ultrasound, respectively, at ages 17 and 24 years. Among 1339 [56.4% female] participants, mean ST increased from ages 11 through 24 years, while mean LPA and MVPA decreased. Persistently high ST tertile from childhood was associated with increased cfPWV progression, effect estimate 0.047 m/s; [(95% CI 0.005 to 0.090); p = 0.030], but not cIMT progression. Persistently high LPA tertile category was associated with decreased cfPWV progression in males -0.022 m/s; [(-0.028 to -0.017); p < 0.001] and females -0.027 m/s; [(-0.044 to -0.010); p < 0.001]. Cumulative LPA exposure decreased the odds of progressively worsening cfPWV [Odds ratio 0.994 (0.994-0.995); p < 0.0001] and cIMT. Persistent exposure to ≥60 min/day of MVPA was paradoxically associated with increased cfPWV progression in males 0.053 m/s; [(0.030 to 0.077); p < 0.001] and females 0.012 m/s; [(0.002 to 0.022); p = 0.016]. Persistent exposure to ≥60 min/day of MVPA was inversely associated with cIMT progression in females -0.017 mm; [(-0.026 to -0.009); p < 0.001]. LPA >3 h/day from childhood may attenuate progressively worsening vascular damage associated with increased ST in youth.

Association between short-term blood pressure variability and target organ damage in non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease

BackgroundIt is unclear whether short-term blood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with target organ damage in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsA cross-sectional, single-center study was conducted among 3442 non-dialysis CKD patients hospitalized in the department of Nephrology of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from November 2017 to July 2022 and collected the demographic, laboratory, clinic blood pressure, ambulatory blood pressure data, and short-term BPV assessed by the weighted standard deviation (wSD) derived from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Multivariate logistic analyses were used to evaluate the independent effects between short-term BPV and subclinical target organ damage, including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), abnormal carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and albuminuria.ResultsThe average age of the participants was 47.53 ± 14.06 years and 56% of participants were male. The baseline eGFR was 69 mL/min/1.73 m2. Based on the tertile distribution of wSD according to equal numbers, patients were divided into three categories with T1(< 9.66 mmHg), T2(9.66–12.23 mmHg), and T3(> 12.23 mmHg) of SBPV; T1(< 8.17 mmHg), T2(8.17–9.93 mmHg), and T3(> 9.93 mmHg) of DBPV. The participants with the higher wSD group had a higher prevalence of target organ damage than their counterparts (P-trend < 0.05). An increasing trend in short-term variability was present with advancing CKD stages (P-trend < 0.001). Multivariate logistic analyses results showed that the odds ratio (OR) of SBP wSD was (1.07 [1.03,1.11], P < 0.001) for LVH, (1.04 [1.01,1.07, P = 0.029) for abnormal CIMT, (1.05 [1.02,1.08], P = 0.002) for low eGFR, and (1.06 [1.02,1.09], P = 0.002) for albuminuria; The OR of DBP wSD was (1.07 [1.02,1.12], P = 0.005) for LVH, (1.05 [1.01,1.09], P = 0.028) for abnormal CIMT, (1.05 [1.01,1.09], P = 0.022) for low eGFR, and (1.05 [1.01,1.10], P = 0.025) for albuminuria when adjusted for confounding factors and mean BP.ConclusionsIn conclusion, short-term BPV is associated with target organ damage, and irresponsible of average blood pressure levels, in Chinese non-dialysis CKD participants.

Retracted: Correlation of Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness with Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism, Parathyroid Hormone, Microinflammatory State, and Cardiovascular Disease.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/2786147.].

Effect of fasting glucose levels on carotid intima-media thickness in premenopausal versus postmenopausal women.

To investigate the relationship between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and carotid intimamedia thickness (IMT) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. The study enrolled 2,959 women seen at the Maanshan People's Hospital of Anhui Province from December 2013 to December 2018. Carotid IMT was measured using Doppler ultrasound. Linear regression and R smoothing curves were used to analyze the relationship between blood glucose level and carotid IMT in the premenopausal and postmenopausal groups. Postmenopausal compared with premenopausal women had higher mean IMT (mIMT; 0.81 ± 0.23 mm versus 0.70 ± 0.14 mm, respectively, p < 0.001) and maximum IMT (maxIMT; 0.86 ± 0.35 mm versus 0.74 ± 0.16 mm, respectively, p < 0.001) values. On linear regression analysis, mIMT values increased with increasing FBG values when FBG level was ≤ 7 mmol/L, but no significance was found between FBG and maxIMT. After stratification by menopausal status, mIMT and maxIMT increased with increasing FBG when FBG was ≤ 7 mmol/L in the premenopausal group. In the postmenopausal group, mIMT and maxIMT increased with increasing FBG. After adjustment for covariate factors, the relationship between FBG and mIMT remained the same as before the adjustment, but when FBG was ≤ 11 mmol/L, the maxIMT increased with increasing FBG. In the stratification analysis, maxIMT increased with increasing FBG when FBG was ≤ 7 mmol/L in the premenopausal group, while both mIMT and maxIMT increased with increasing FBG when FBG was > 10 mmol/L in the postmenopausal group. Levels of FBG contributed more to increased IMT in postmenopausal than premenopausal women. The influence of FBG was greater on maxIMT than mIMT. Additionally, FBG was helpful in assessing focal thickening of the carotid intima.

Natural Autoantibodies in Biologic-Treated Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients: Associations with Vascular Pathophysiology.

Cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality have been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Natural autoantibodies (nAAb) are involved in innate immunity, as well as autoimmunity, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. There have not been any studies assessing the effects of biologics on nAAbs in RA and AS, also in relation to vascular pathophysiology. Fifty-three anti-TNF-treated RA and AS patients were included in a 12-month follow-up study. Anti-citrate synthase (CS) and anti-topoisomerase I fragment 4 (TOPO-F4) IgM and IgG levels were determined by ELISA. Ultrasonography was performed to assess brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), common carotid intima-media thickness (ccIMT), and arterial pulse-wave velocity (PWV). Other variables were also evaluated at baseline and 6 and 12 months after treatment initiation. Anti-TNF therapy improved FMD in RA and PWV in AS and stabilized ccIMT. TNF inhibition increased anti-CS IgM and IgG, and possibly also anti-TOPO-F4 IgG levels. Various correlation analyses revealed that nAAbs might be independently involved in autoimmunity as well as changes in inflammation and vascular pathology over time in biologic-treated patients (p < 0.05). We also found associations between anti-TOPO-F4 IgG and anti-Hsp60 IgG (p < 0.05). Baseline nAAb levels or nAAb level changes might determine changes in CRP, disease activity, FMD, PWV, and ccIMT over time (p < 0.05). The interplay between arthritis and inflammatory atherosclerosis, as well as the effects of anti-TNF biologics on these pathologies, might independently involve nAAbs.